日本在华汽车停产减产,自食“购岛”恶果

Japanese automakers, including Toyota and Nissan, are cutting back production in China following anti-Japan protests that shut dealerships and darkened their sales outlook in the world's biggest car market.

中国的反日抗议关闭了经销商，也使其在这个世界最大的汽车市场上的销售前景一片黑暗，随后日本汽车制造商包括丰田、日产都在缩减生产。

Production slowdowns are a normal feature of the auto industry in mature markets such as the United States and Japan, where they are used to keep inventories from ballooning and avoid pressure for manufacturers to offer deep discounts that erode profitability.

生产放缓是成熟市场上的汽车产业的正常现象，比如美国和日本，它们被用来防止库存积压和避免制造商提供削减利润的大幅折扣压力。

But the steps by the Japanese automakers to cut output in China are an anomaly in a market that has driven the industry's global growth for a decade and where most automakers had been adding capacity until China's economic slowdown in recent months.

但日本汽车制造商在中国减产的举措在十多年来一直带动该行业全球发展的市场里是一种异常，大多数汽车制造商一直在增加产量直到最近几个月中国经济放缓。

That caused production to outpace sales, resulting in larger-than-normal inventory levels at many dealers.

这使得供大于求，导致了很多经销商超过正常水平的库存量。

"For the time being, I think you're going to see Japanese automakers' sales in China down by 20 to 30 percent," said Koji Endo, auto analyst at Advanced Research Japan.

“就目前而言，我认为你会看到日本汽车制造商在中国的销量下降了20％至30％，”在日本高级研究所的汽车分析师远藤浩二说。

"The last time we had protests like this, in 2010, the effects only lasted about a month, but I think this time is going to be different. This is going to have a serious impact."

“我们最后一次进行这样的抗议活动是在2010年，其影响只持续了一个月左右，但我认为这一次将会不同，这将产生严重影响。”

There were also signs the tensions were having an effect on other sectors.

此外有迹象表明紧张局势也正对其他行业产生影响。

Most notable was air travel, with All Nippon Airways announcing yesterday that 40,000 seat-reservations had been canceled for flights between Japan and China from September to November.

最明显的是航空旅行，全日空航空公司昨天宣布从9月到11月中日航班已有40,000个座位预订被取消。

Nissan, Japan's top automaker in China, said it would halt production at a joint venture in China from today, three days earlier than planned, and extending through next week's National Day holiday period.

日本在中国顶尖的汽车制造商日产表示将停产，在中国的合资企业从今天开始，比原计划提前三天，并延长到下周的国庆长假期间。

Toyota plants in Tianjin and Guangzhou suspended production from yesterday through the week-long holiday, Tokyo-based spokeswoman Shino Yamada said, a few days earlier than planned.

天津和广州的丰田工厂从昨天起以及一周长假期间停止生产，东京的发言人四野山田说，这比原计划提前了几天。

Production at factories in China may be further curtailed depending on market conditions, she said.

“中国工厂的产量会根据市场情况可能作进一步削减，”她说。

An insider said that Toyota was also preparing to reduce output at factories in Tianjin and Guangzhou through November.

一位业内人士说，丰田公司还准备在11月减少天津和广州的工厂产量。

One plan under discussion would keep the factories on two shifts but shut down production on Mondays and Fridays.

正在讨论的一项计划将保持工厂的两班倒，但在周一和周五关闭生产。

In addition, Toyota has discussed reducing production of luxury Lexus models at its plant in Kyushu, southern Japan, during October because of slower demand in China.

此外，丰田已经讨论了10月份减少豪车雷克萨斯在日本南部九州工厂的产量，因为在中国需求减少。

A senior Toyota executive in Beijing said the company would probably fall short of its goal of selling 1 million cars in China this year. In 2011, Toyota and its local Chinese partners sold about 900,000 cars.

一位资深的丰田高管在北京表示，该公司今年在中国销售100万辆汽车的目标可能会功亏一篑。 2011年，丰田公司和其中国本土的合作伙伴售出了约90万辆汽车。

"It's very difficult to sell cars right now, but that's true with every Japanese brand. Not just us," said the executive.

“现在卖车非常困难，但日本的每个品牌都是这样，不只是我们，”行政人员说道。

Mazda has decided to halt production in China tomorrow and on Saturday, giving workers two extra days off as part of the national holiday shutdown.

马自达已经决定中国工厂明天和周六停产，给工人两个额外的假日作为国庆节停工的一部分。

Suzuki said it had stopped one of two shifts that it normally runs in China.

铃木说它已经将在中国通常运行的两班倒改为白班生产。

Anti-Japan sentiment in China escalated this month after Japan said it decided to "buy" the Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea from a "private owner."

当日本表示它决定从“私营业主”那里“购买”在中国东海的钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿之后，中国的反日情绪这个月逐步升级。

In protests across China, some demonstrators vandalized properties of Japanese companies, including a Toyota outlet in the eastern city of Qingdao that was set ablaze.

在中国各地的抗议活动中，一些示威者肆意破坏日本企业的财产，包括东部城市青岛的丰田4S店被烧。

A senior Beijing-based Toyota sales executive said the long-term impact of the dispute on Japanese brands was uncertain. "Unlike before, when sales recovered fairly quickly, things seem very different this time," he said. "But it's still very difficult to gauge what kind of long-term fallout we are going to have."

一位在北京的资深丰田销售经理说，此次争端对日本品牌的长期影响是不确定的。 “不像以前，销售迅速地恢复，这次情况似乎有很大的不同，”他说。 “但是，这仍然非常困难去评估我们将经历怎样的长期余波。”

The executive, involved with sales and marketing of Lexus, said all Lexus outlets in China had reopened and were operating normally.

负责雷克萨斯的销售及市场推广的执行长说，所有雷克萨斯在中国的4S店已经重新开门并正常运行。

"But customers are expressing fears about owning Japanese-branded cars," he said, "and that worries me a bit."

“但客户表示害怕拥有日本品牌的车，”他说，“而且我也有点担心。”