全面讲解托福阅读加试形式细节
托福阅读考试部分，如果大家在做完3篇阅读文章后发现后面还有题目，那么毫无疑问就是可能遇到托福阅读加试了。托福阅读加试难度如何?有多少题目?分数又是如何计算?下面小编就为大家具体讲解托福阅读加试的各类相关信息，一起来看。
全面讲解托福阅读加试形式细节
托福考试为什么会有加试?
首先我们要搞清托福加试是一种收集研究数据、测试新研发试题难度及可靠性的手段，是保证广大考生获得公平、精确和有效的测试而开展的标准化工作的核心部分。当然，不仅是托福考试，加试题这种形式在很多其他的考试中都广泛存在。
托福阅读加试出现形式介绍
托福考生往往会在阅读部分碰到加试试题。托福阅读部分正常的考题是三篇文章，总计时间为54分钟。如果有加考，考生将在做了三篇文章之后被要求再做一篇，时间大约为18分钟。托福阅读加试有两种：经典加试和非经典加试。经典加试的出现几率大于非经典加试。考生一定要熟悉阅读经典加试的题目，这样才能在考试中获取更高的加试分数。话虽如此，如今托福考试对于加试已经做出了很多调整，其中关于经典加试的部分也已经发生改变，一方面如今的经典加试题也有可能会是正式算分题，另一方面以前的经典加试题目正在逐渐被新的加试题取代，考生已经越来越难区分经典加试的概念了。
托福阅读加试细节：考生无法分辨哪篇是加试
托福阅读加试题都是随机出现的，与考生之前的答题情况没有关系。而且，不只是加考篇目，整个阅读篇目也没有固定的顺序，同一考场不同考生遇到的篇目顺序也是不同的，或者说是随机的。考生在应试过程中不会被告知哪道题是加试题。要想判断加考题，只有考试结束，考生互相比对自己做到的题目，那些不是每个人都做到的题目才是加考题。因此考生在考试时需要把每道题都按照考试题一样认真对待，既不要害怕，也不要抱有侥幸心理。
托福阅读加试是否算分?
说到这里，细心的考生可能会问：托福阅读加试算不算分，它对考生最终的成绩有没有影响呢?这也是小编将会重点和大家谈到的问题，下面一起来看看吧。
托福阅读加试作为一个标杆来衡量考试的难度，不计入考试的分数，但有可能会影响到考生的成绩。托福加试对考生的分数有没有影响要看这场考试考生的整体水平：
1. 如果考试正确率比加试正确率高，说明考题偏容易，也就是高分档的学生比较多，那么ETS将给分数的分布作相应的调整，也就是给一些高分的学生减分。给哪些学生减分呢?当然是加试做得不好的学生。
2. 如果考试正确率比加试正确率低，说明考题偏难，也就是低分档的学生比较多，那么ETS将给分数的分布作相应的调整，也就是给一些低分的学生加分。给哪些学生加分呢?当然是加试做得好的学生。
3. 如果考试正确率和加试正确率持平，实现了正态分布，考生的分数则不需要调整了。
托福阅读真题及答案：10 Questions for 50 Cent
10 Questions for 50 Cent
Introduction专辑介绍
这张不得了，真的了不起。阿姆、玛丽布莱姬、阿肯、贾斯汀、提姆巴兰、小野猫主唱妮可、黑眼豆豆主脑等一起跪拜屌到爆
嘻哈帝王相，有数字为证。全球累积销售逼近2500万张，17张白金唱片销售认证、13座Billboard音乐奖、5座世界音乐奖、3座MTV音乐录像带大奖与3座全美音乐奖肯定
四首超强音乐录像带全球媒体同步曝光 五角帝国版图开始勾勒
Vocabulary
debuted n.v.初次登场, 开张
metaphor n.[修辞]隐喻, 暗喻, 比喻说话
uproar n. 喧嚣, 骚动
bulletproof adj.防弹的
slangn.俚语, 行话 v.用粗话骂, 用俚语说
fragment n.碎片, 断片, 片段
endorse v.在(票据)背面签名, 签注(文件), 认可, 签署
单词都很简单。。速读
He was born Curtis Jackson, but he made his mark on the rap world performing under his childhood nickname. His third album, Curtis, debuted Sept. 11. 50 Cent will now take your questions
Is it Curtis or 50 Cent? —Maggie Shaw, New York City It’s 50, but the album title is Curtis. It made perfect sense for me to title it Curtis, considering my grandfather is Curtis Sr., his firstborn is Curtis Jr. and I’m his first grandchild, so my mom named me after him. I’m Curtis III, and this is my third album. 50 Cent was a name that kind of stuck. For me, it was a metaphor for change. That’s what made me utilize it when I actually started rapping.
What should we expect from your new album? —Ignacio Meza, Los Angeles
You should expect a lot of surprises. For my last two albums, I isolated myself to working with only members of G-Unit [50 Cent’s original rap group]. On this album I worked with Justin Timberlake, Robin Thicke, Mary J. Blige, Akon, Nicole from the Pussycat Dolls, Dr. Dre and Eminem. I’m in a place where I’m secure enough to have all these other talented people around me because I’ve proven myself, with my first two projects selling over 21 million copies.
Why don’t you do more hard-core stuff like you did on Get Rich or Die Tryin’ [in 2003]? —Raveen Bhasin, Dallas
I take into consideration what the music business is facing with things like the Don Imus situation. I think it would cause a full uproar if I wrote [hard-core] lyrics from that perspective all the way through my album. That’s why I released Curtis instead of my next project, Before I Self Destruct. It’s more of a hard-core sound, and it would be too aggressive for this period.
Is your beef with Kanye [West] for real? —Erika Ramirez, Houston
I said I would retire if his album [Graduation, also released Sept. 11] sold more than mine. I think people would like for it to be a beef. Then it would be really uncomfortable for Kanye, wouldn’t it? I’m already conditioned for those things, but he’d have to adjust. My car’s already bulletproof.
Why do rappers use so much slang that the average 50-year-old can’t understand them? —Gabriel Goldenberg, Montreal
Some audiences have to come to you. You can’t cater to everybody. Kanye West’s record is aimed at a straight pop audience. It may work for him now, but I don’t believe that will exist long. That base has no loyalty at all.
You took a bullet to your face. Has that changed your rapping style? —Ravi Rami, Houston
It changed my voice. I still have a fragment of a bullet inside my tongue. And I have a hole in the back of my mouth. This is the voice that works, though. This is why I believe it happened for a reason. The voice before I got shot was the one that not many people listened to.
You have a home in suburban Connecticut. Why did you move outside the city? —Susan Ashley, Houston
I generate a lot of interest in New York City, so it’s difficult. If I was going to a nightclub or if I was just getting out of the car to go to the store, it’d be difficult. It’s way different here, because it’s a country setting. I don’t even leave my house to go to the store. I send somebody else to do it.
I know you like to work hard and play hard. What’s your favorite place to vacation? —Janelle Robison, Brooklyn, N.Y.
Vacation’s at home. I do so much traveling that when I just stay at home, it feels like I’m on vacation. All you have to do is turn the phone off. The house is big as a country club anyway.
Are you endorsing a particular candidate in the ’08 election? —Haren Para, New York City
No, but I like Hillary. I think she was already our President once. [Laughs].
Any plans for another movie? —Conor Egan, Belmar, N.J.
I’ve got a film called Righteous Kill. It’s myself, Robert De Niro, Al Pacino, Donnie Wahlberg, John Leguizamo. [Laughs]. If you ask me, I’m the next Denzel Washington.
托福阅读练习:
se translate the blue sentence into Chinese.
Some audiences have to come to you. You can‘t cater to everybody.
is the album title?
‘s his favorite place to vacation? and why?
he said:"My car‘s already bulletproof."?
参考答案及解析:
1.你不得不想到一些听众。你并不迎合所有的人。
come to sb.(指看法)被某人想出。ie,It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong all along.
album title is Curtis.
is at home,because he do so much traveling that when he just stay at home, it feels like he‘s on vacation.
use he believe that his album sold more than Kanye‘s.
托福阅读真题及答案：患二型糖尿病
【Introduction】
加拿大一项新研究发现，患二型糖尿病的病人，若能同时做有氧及重量训练运动，将可显着地降低血糖。
【Section One】Article
It‘s no secret that exercise is key to controlling type 2 diabetes — and many doctors already urge their diabetic patients to get active. But it‘s a vague directive: How much exercise is enough? How often? And what kind? The simple answer is that any is better than none — in sum, that‘s what a new study published in the Sept. 18 issue of the journal Annals of Internal Medicine found. But it also found that not all exercise is created equal and that the combination of aerobic exercise and weight training is significantly better for controlling blood sugar than either alone.
The elegantly designed study, led by researchers at the University of Calgary and the University of Ottawa, involved 251 patients aged 39 to 70, with type 2 diabetes. The patients, none of whom were regular exercisers, were randomized to one of four groups: aerobic exercise, resistance training, a combination of both, or none. For 22 weeks, the aerobic group worked out for 45 minutes three times a week on the treadmill or stationary bicycle; the resistance-training group spent an equal amount of time on weight machines. The combination group was at the gym twice as long as the other two exercise groups, doing the full aerobic plus weight-training regimens. "We built up gradually to 45 minutes, but it‘s certainly vigorous," says Dr. Ronald Sigal, lead author of the study and associate professor of medicine and cardiac sciences at the University of Calgary. "It‘s not sprinting or maximal exercise like a marathon trainer would do, but for someone who‘s middle-aged and older and very overweight, it‘s fairly strenuous."
Overall, researchers saw improvements in blood-sugar control in all the patients who worked out. Compared with controls, patients in the aerobic group had a reduction of .51% in their hemoglobin A1C values — a test that measures blood-sugar control over the previous two to three months (lower is better). The weight-training group had a .38% reduction compared with controls. But the combined exercise group showed further improvements: in those patients, the A1C values went down an additional .46% over the aerobic group, and .59% over the weight-training group. Compared to controls, the combo exercisers had a nearly 1% lower A1C reading.
The benefits of a 1% drop aren‘t small, and they go beyond blood-sugar control: That reduction translates to a 15% to 20% decrease in heart attack and stroke risk and a 25% to 40% lower risk of diabetes-related eye or kidney e Dr. William Kraus of Duke University Medical Center and Dr. Benjamin Levine of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, in an accompanying editorial.
Across all three exercise groups, data suggested that working out could improve blood pressure, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in people with diabetes; however, there was no significant difference in the changes among the groups. Exercising also led to modest weight loss — even though patients were put on diets specifically designed to maintain weight — and a reduction in belly fat. What‘s more, CT scans of patients‘ muscles suggested that exercise could improve their internal structure and function. "So, even if you‘re not losing weight, don‘t get discouraged just because of that," says Sigal. "There‘s still additional value [of exercise] independent of weight loss."
Until a few years ago, says Sigal, American Diabetes Association guidelines recommended against weight training for diabetic people, particularly for older and longtime patients, "out of a fear that blood pressure may go too high and may cause problems — strokes or some kind of acute event — during exercise... That wasn‘t based on any real evidence." Today, the Association advises patients to exercise 30 minutes a day at least five days a week, and recommends routines similar to the ones Sigal studied: aerobic workouts (such as walking, swimming, biking), with weight training (with weights or bands) and practice in flexibility (gentle stretching to reduce the risk of exercise-related injuries). But before you hit the gym for the first time, Sigal cautions, see your doctor — particularly if you‘re overweight, middle-aged or older, or have any other health issues, like smoking, high cholesterol or high blood pressure. You should get a stress test and make sure you create a safe workout program geared to your abilities.
Sigal is currently studying the benefits of exercise in insulin-dependent patients with type 1 diabetes. Next year, he plans to launch another study on exercise and type 2 diabetes — to find a way to get "people into the gym and, perhaps more importantly, get them to continue doing it once they‘ve started."
【Section Two】Vocabulary
1. aerobicinvolving, utilizing, or increasing oxygen consumption for metabolic processes in the body
2. treadmilla device having an endless belt on which an individual walks or runs in place for exercise or physiological testing
3. regimena regular course of action and especially of strenuous training
4. sprintto run or go at top speed especially for a short distance
5. strenuousvigorously active
6. hemoglobinan iron-containing respiratory pigment of vertebrate red blood cells that consists of a globin composed of four subunits each of which is linked to a heme molecule, that functions in oxygen transport to the tissues after conversion to oxygenated form in the gills or lungs, and that assists in carbon dioxide transport back to the gills or lungs after surrender of its oxygen
7. envisionto picture to oneself
8. triglycerideany of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins
【Section Three】Related Articles
1. PChome News
【Section Four】Homework
1. Please translate the blue sentence into Chinese.
"To envision the importance of exercise, imagine an inexpensive pill that could decrease the hemoglobin A1C value by 1 percentage point, diabetes experts would be quick to incorporate this pill into practice guidelines and performance measures for diabetes.
2. What is the main idear of this Article?
3. Please give at least 3 examples of aerobic exercise.
4. What is the "" percentage that the combination group can decrease the risk of diabetes?
5. What is the meaning of "geared" in the last two paragraph?
1. 为了显现运动的重要性，想像有一颗能够降低1%血糖的药锭，糖尿病专家会很快地将这颗药锭加入运动指标和工作指标来治疗糖尿病。
2. The combination of aerobic exercise and weight training is significantly better for controlling blood sugarthe guideline of diabetes than either alone.
3. walking, swimming, biking
4. 0.97% (0.51 + 0.46 or 0.38 + 0.59)
5. to adjust so as to match, blend with, or satisfy something
