考研英语经济类阅读理解专项训练及参考答案
对于我们而言，考研英语的复习，阅读理解只是其中一块，而这一小块中又有经济教育等的分类复习。下面是本站小编给大家整理的考研英语经济类阅读理解专项训练及答案，供大家参阅!
At last, GM bags Daewoo Motor. But Hynix eludes capture
THE government is desperate to sell the most troubled of South Korea's big companies to foreigners. This, ministers believe, is the best way to accelerate
the corporate restructuring begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and to clear the way for more sustainable economic growth. This week, after months of on-off talks with foreign suitors, the government's plans moved a big step forward, and then an equally big step back.
On April 30th General Motors (GM) signed a contract to buy the bankrupt Daewoo Motor. But on the same day, the board of Hynix, a cash-strapped memory-chip giant, shocked the markets by rejecting a proposed takeover by Micron Technology, an American competitor. Micron had offered to pay about $3.4 billion for Hynix's core memory business, and to take a minority stake in the non-memory arm. Analysts predict that the government will put pressure on creditors to rescue a deal with Micron or seek a new buyer, as liquidation is too risky to contemplate in an election year.
GM's deal with Daewoo Motor marks the end of an even longer and more painful process. Ford almost bought the car maker two years ago, but pulled out after deciding that Daewoo would be too hard to turn round. GM had been talking with Daewoo for over a year. It has agreed to buy two of the company's four domestic car plants, a factory in Vietnam, a parts unit in the Netherlands and nine overseassales arms (all in Europe except one, in Puerto Rico of all places). Between them, the two domestic factories can churn out a combined 530,000 cars and 30,000 commercial vehicles a year.
GM has struck a good deal. Together with various undisclosed partners, it will hold a 67% stake in a new company, tentatively named GM-Daewoo. The American car maker will pay $251m for its own stake of 42%, but it will also assume $573m of Daewoo Motor's debts. The acquisition is a key part of GM's global expansion. The company has been trying to strengthen its foothold in Asia for some time. Buying a presence in South Korea was seen as particularly urgent, since imports account for only 3% of the 1.5m cars sold in the country each year. GM hopes to use Daewoo's production lines to make budget cars that will be sold under the Daewoo brand in most markets.
But GM has much work to do to rebuild Daewoo's damaged brand image and domestic market share, which hovers around 10% after reaching a high of 37% in 1998. GM has to fill holes in product lines by introducing sport-utility and multi-purpose vehicles, says Nick Reilly, former chief executive of Vauxhall, GM's British subsidiary, and chief-executive-designate of GM-Daewoo now that he has sealed the deal. His management team can expect trouble from South Korea's aggressive unions along the way. In a sign of things to come, the signing ceremony was moved to a secret location after a group of union activists occupied the hotel where it was due to take place.
Economist; 5/4/2002, Vol. 363 Issue 8271, p61, 1/2p, 1c
注(1)：本文选自Economist; 5/4/2002, p61, 1/2p, 1c;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1;
does South Korea’s government want to sell its companies to foreigners?
[A]The companies cannot survive the Asian financial crisis.
[B]The companies can never be rescued.
[C]It can do much good to the development of the economy.
[D]It is troublesome to run the big companies.
h of the following can be the main advantage of the buying of Daewoo Motor by GM?
[A]It is a big step toward GM’s global expansion.
[B]It satisfies the need of the domestic markets.
[C]It holds the majority shares of Daewoo Motor.
[D]It can control the Asian market.
kind of action will the government possibly take for Hynix’s refusal?
[A]timely
[B]indignant
[C]indifferent
[D]positive
did Ford give up the acquisition of Daewoo Motor?
[A]It is difficult to be handed over to Ford.
[B]It is difficult to be changed for better.
[C]It is difficult to ask for agreement.
[D]It is difficult to realize the tricky terms.
h of the following is not true according to the last paragraph?
[A]The image of Daewoo Motor has been greatly damaged.
[B]There is no progress in the domestic market share of Daewoo since 1998.
[C]The acquisition is quite popular with the Koreans.
[D]The Korean reaction is within the management team’s expectation.
答案：CADBC
篇章剖析
本文介绍了韩国政府因为想加快经济复苏，而极力向外国人推销南韩最混乱不堪、千疮百孔的大公司。在这个过程中，通用公司终于盘到了大宇汽车公司，但Hynix却避开了被收购的命运。文章详细介绍了通用公司的收购情况。第一段指出韩国政府因为想加快经济复苏，而极力向外国人推销南韩最混乱不堪、千疮百孔的大公司;第二段指出韩国政府的计划向前进了一大步，随之又后退了相同的一大步;第三段指出通用公司对大宇公司的收购情况;第四段指出这一收购对通用公司的意义;第五段指出通用公司在收购之后所面临的工作和任务。
词汇注释
bag vt. 装入袋中;猎获，捕获，夺取;占(位置)
in the wake of adv.尾随, 紧跟, 仿效
stake [steik] n. (下在投机生意上的)股本[份]
churn out (以自动方式)大量产出
designate adj. (官职)已任命但还未就职的
presence 可见物体，有形物体，此处指现有的公司或设施
难句突破
, ministers believe, is the best way to accelerate the corporate restructuring begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and to clear the way for more sustainable economic growth.
主体句式：this is the best way to accelerate … and to clear the way …
结构分析：本句是一个简单句。“ministers believe”是插入语;“begin”在句中的词性是及物动词，用做被动语态;词组“in the wake of”的意思是“尾随, 紧跟”;“to accelerate”和“to clear the way”都是不定式短语做定语。
句子译文：政府部长们相信，这是加快始于1997亚洲金融危机之后的公司结构调整、为经济更有效地可持续增长扫清道路的最好方式。
has to fill holes in product lines by introducing sport-utility and multi-purpose vehicles, says Nick Reilly, former chief executive of Vauxhall, GM's British subsidiary, and chief-executive-designate of GM-Daewoo now that he has sealed the deal.
主体句式：Nick Reilly says …
结构分析：本句并不难，关键是理解Nick Reilly的头衔。“former chief executive of Vauxhall, GM's British subsidiary, and chief-executive-designate of GM-Daewoo”是“Nick Reilly”的同位语，意思是“通用汽车公司英国子公司Vauxhall跑车部前任首席执行官、目前已被任命但尚未上任的通用-大宇公司首席执行官”;“now that”的意思是“既然, 由于”。
句子译文：通用汽车公司英国子公司Vauxhall跑车部前任首席执行官、目前已被任命但尚未上任的通用-大宇公司首席执行官尼克•赖利认为，因为已最终敲定这笔交易，所以通用公司须通过引进运动赛车或多功能汽车来填补生产线方面的空缺。
题目分析
1.答案为C，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是：“This, ministers believe, is the best way to accelerate the corporate restructuring begun in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997, and to clear the way for more sustainable economic growth.。”
2.答案为A，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是：“The acquisition is a key part of GM's global expansion.”
3.答案为D ，属推理判断题。原文对应信息是：“the government will put pressure on creditors to rescue a deal with Micron or seek a new buyer, as liquidation is too risky to contemplate in an election year.” 因为大选年进行清算风险太大，后果难以预料，所以政府将对债权人施加压力以拯救与美光公司的这笔交易，或者另辟蹊径，寻找别的买主。从这里我们可看出政府将会采取积极措施。
4.答案为B，属事实细节题。原文对应信息是：“Ford almost bought the car maker two years ago, but pulled out after deciding that Daewoo would be too hard to turn round.”理解这句话的关键在与词组“pull out”(其含义是“退缩;从某种境况或承诺中撤出”)和“turn round”(其含义是“转身,转变”)。
5.答案为C，属事实细节题。选项A、B、D在文章中都可找到对应信息。文章最后提到“His management team can expect trouble from South Korea's aggressive unions along the way. In a sign of things to come, the signing ceremony was moved to a secret location after a group of union activists occupied the hotel where it was due to take place.”，我们可看出并不是所有人都赞同通用公司对大宇公司的收购的，因此选项C是错误的。
参考译文
进一步，退一步
通用公司终于盘到了大宇汽车公司，但Hynix却避开被收购的命运
韩国政府想极力向外国人推销南韩最混乱不堪、千疮百孔的大公司。政府部长们相信，这是加快始于1997亚洲金融危机之后的公司结构调整、为经济更有效地可持续增长扫清道路的最好方式。本周，经过数月与外商断断续续的讨论，政府的计划向前进了一大步，随之又后退了相同的一大步。
4月30日，通用汽车公司签署了一项购买已破产大宇汽车公司的合同。但是，就在同一天，急需现金的存储类芯片巨人Hynix公司的董事会断然拒绝了美国的一家竞争对手——美国美光科技公司——的收购建议，此举令市场大为震惊。美光科技公司曾出价约34亿美元来购买Hynix公司的核心芯片业务，并在非存储类芯片业务内占少数股份。分析人士预测，政府将对债权人施加压力以拯救与美光公司的这笔交易，或者另辟蹊径，寻找别的买主，因为大选年进行清算风险太大，后果难以预料。
通用汽车公司与大宇汽车公司的交易标志着一个甚至更长和更痛苦的过程的结束。两年前，福特公司几乎购买了这家汽车制造厂，但发现很难使大宇汽车公司起死回生后知难而退。通用公司与大宇汽车公司谈判了近一年。最后决定由通用公司购买大宇公司的四个国内汽车制造厂，位于越南的一家工厂、荷兰的一家零配件制造厂和九家海外分厂(除波多黎各一家制造厂外，其余的都在欧洲)。在它们之间，这两家制造厂每年可生产53万辆组合汽车和3万辆商用汽车。
通用汽车公司做成了一笔极好的买卖。它将与各种不愿透露身份的合作伙伴一起拥有新公司(暂时命名为通用-大宇公司)的67%的股份。这家美国汽车制造商将为其拥有的42%的股份支付2.51亿美元，但它也将承担大宇汽车公司5.73亿美元的债务。此项收购是通用汽车公司全球扩张战略的关键部分。在相当一段时期内，通用公司一直试图巩固它在亚洲的地位。人们普遍认为，购买南韩现有的一家公司是通用公司的当务之急，因为每年的汽车进口量只占国内销售总量150万的3%。通用公司希望利用大宇公司的生产线生产出能以大宇商标在大部分市场销售的廉价汽车。
但是通用汽车公司还要做很多工作来重塑大宇已毁的形象，并且重新建立国内市场份额。大宇原先的市份额在1998年达到37%的高峰后，一直停留在10%左右。通用汽车公司英国子公司Vauxhall跑车部前任首席执行官、目前已被任命但尚未上任的通用-大宇公司首席执行官尼克•赖利认为，因为已最终敲定这笔交易，所以通用公司须通过引进运动赛车或多功能汽车来填补生产线方面的空缺。在这一过程中，赖利的管理班子预料到会遭遇来自韩国工会的攻击。在签署相关事宜的时候，由于签署仪式所用宾馆被一群工会激进分子所控制而不得不转到一个秘密地点。
考研英语经济类阅读理解专项训练及答案：Giving Credit Where Credit Is Not DueThe big identity-theft bust last week was just a taste of what's to come. Here's how to protect your good name
HERE'S THE SCARY THING about the identity-theft ring that the feds cracked
last week: there was nothing any of its estimated 40,000 victims could have done to prevent it from happening. This was an inside job, according to court documents. A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop. That allowed the gang to cherry-pick consumers with good credit and apply for all kinds of accounts in their names. Cost to the victims: $3 million and rising.
Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date, is just a drop in the bit bucket. More than 700,000 Americans have their credit hijacked every year. It's one of crime's biggest growth markets. A name, address and Social Security number--which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so there's little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure. As it stands now, it's up to you to protect your identity.
The good news is that there are plenty of steps you can take. Most credit thieves are opportunists, not well-organized gangs. A lot of them go Dumpster diving for those millions of "pre-approved" credit-card mailings that go out every day. Others steal wallets and return them, taking only a Social Security number. Shredding your junk mail and leaving your Social Security card at home can save a lot of agony later.
But the most effective way to keep your identity clean is to check your credit reports once or twice a year. There are three major credit-report outfits: Equifax (at ), Trans-Union () and Experian (). All allow you to order reports online, which is a lot better than wading through voice-mail hell on their 800 lines. Of the three, I found TransUnion's website to be the cheapest and most comprehensive--laying out state-by-state prices, rights and tips for consumers in easy-to-read fashion.
If you're lucky enough to live in Colorado, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey or Vermont, you are entitled to one free report a year by law. Otherwise it's going to cost $8 to $14 each time. Avoid services that offer to monitor your reports year-round for about $70; that's $10 more than the going rate among thieves. If you think you're a victim of identity theft, you can ask for fraud alerts to be put on file at each of the three credit-report companies. You can also download a theft-report form at , which, along with a local police report, should help when irate creditors come knocking. Just don't expect justice. That audacious help-desk worker was one of the fewer than 2% of identity thieves who are ever caught.
By Chris Taylor Time; 12/9/2002, Vol. 160 Issue 24, p100, 3/4p, 1c
注(1)：本文选自Time; 12/9/2002, p100, 3/4p, 1c;
注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1;
is the trend of credit-theft crime?
[A]Tightly suppressed.
[B]More frightening.
[C]Rapidly increasing.
[D]loosely controlled.
expression “inside job”(Line 6, Paragraph 1) most probably means _________.
[A]a crime that is committed by a person working for the victim
[B]a crime that should be punished severely
[C]a crime that does great harm to the victim
[D]a crime that poses a great threat to the society
creditors can protect their identity in the following way except _________.
[A]destroying your junk mail
[B]leaving your Social Security card at home
[C]visiting the credit-report website regularly
[D]obtaining the free report from the government
is it easy to have credit-theft?
[A]More people are using credit service.
[B]The application program is not safe enough.
[C]Creditors usually disclose their identity.
[D]Creditors are not careful about their identity.
is the best title of the text?
[A]The danger of credit-theft
[B]The loss of the creditors
[C]How to protect your good name
[D]Why the creditors lose their identity
答案：CADBC
篇章剖析
本文以最大的一起信用卡窃盗案为切入点，指出窃用信用卡是一种非常严重的犯罪现象，并介绍了如何进行一些防范措施。第一段介绍了最大的一起信用卡窃盗案;第二段指出这一犯罪现象的严重性：这是最大的成长性犯罪市场之一，而且银行方面的防护措施薄弱;第三段、四段和五段详细介绍了一些防范措施。
词汇注释
identity-theft 个人身份信息被盗
fed n. [常作F-][美俚]联邦调查局人员; 联邦政府工作人员
ring n. 团伙;一帮
inside job n. (Slang) 监守自盗
pop adv. 每张地;每个地
bust [bQst] n. 逮捕;告破;突然搜查
a drop in the bucket 冰山一角，沧海一粟
hijack vt. 劫持，(像拦路抢劫似的)偷窃;诈骗，欺诈
credit n. 信用;(银行)存款
bogus [5bEJ^Es] adj. 假的;伪造的，如：a bogus certificate 伪造的证件
line of credit 信用限额，信贷限额
fraud [frC:d] n. 欺骗, 欺诈行为，诡计;骗子;假货
as it stands 按照现在情况, 事实是这样
Dumpster n. (邓普斯特尔商标)垃圾罐
go out过时，不流行
shred vt., vi. (shredded) 撕碎, 切碎, 破碎
irate [aI5reIt] adj. 发怒的;生气的
knock vt. 批评;找岔子
audacious [C:5deIFEs] adj.大胆的, 卤莽的, 蛮横无理的;大胆创新的
难句突破
A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop.
主体句式：a worker stole … and sold …
结构分析：本句是一个简单句。在这个句子中，“lowly”用做形容词，意思是“.地位低的, 卑贱的”;“a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online”是“Teledata Communications”的同位语，其中that引导定语从句来修饰a software firm，access的词性是动词，意思是“接近，进入获得接触(数据或程序)的途径”;“allegedly”的意思是“依其申述”;“a pop”的意思是“每张地;每个地”。
句子译文：据说，一家帮助银行在线访问客户信誉报告的软件公司——远程数据通信公司——的一个低级help-desk服务系统工作人员盗取了这些报告的密码，以每个60美元的价格卖给一个由20个小偷组成的团伙。
题目分析
1.答案为C，属事实细节题。句子“Even scarier is that this, the largest identity-theft bust to date,
is just a drop in the bit bucket.”的意思是“甚至更令人震惊的是, 迄今为止最大的个人信息窃盗案的告破仅仅是冰山之一角。”;“It's one of crime's biggest growth markets.”的意思是“这是最大的成长性犯罪市场之一。”从这两句话我们可做出正确的选择。
2.答案为A，属猜词题。原文对应信息是“A lowly help-desk worker at Teledata Communications, a software firm that helps banks access credit reports online, allegedly stole passwords for those reports and sold them to a group of 20 thieves at $60 a pop.”。这句话对“inside job”做出了解释。
3.答案为D ，属事实细节题。选项D是某些债权人应享有的权利，而不是一种防范措施。
4.答案为B，属推理判断题。原文对应信息是：“A name, address and Social Security number--which can often be found on the Web--is all anybody needs to apply for a bogus line of credit. Credit companies make $1.3 trillion annually and lose less than 2% of that revenue to fraud, so there's little financial incentive for them to make the application process more secure.”。
5.答案为C，属主旨大意题。文章开头指出窃用信用卡是一种非常严重的犯罪现象，接着介绍了如何进行一些防范措施。所以选项C是正确答案。
参考译文
在不该讲信用的地方讲信用
上周对个人身份信息窃贼突然进行的大搜查只是后续行动的一种小试牛刀的尝试。下面介绍的是该如何保护你的名字安然无恙
下面是有关上周已被联邦特工粉碎的盗窃团伙偷盗个人信息的令人惊慌的事例：估计受害人 有4万人之众，而他们中间的任何人根本无法采取任何防范措施来阻止这种盗窃行为的发生。据法院档案记载，这是一种监守自盗行为。据说，一家帮助银行在线访问客户信誉报告的软件公司——远程数据通信公司——的一个低级help-desk服务系统工作人员盗取了这些报告的密码，以每个60美元的价格卖给一个由20个小偷组成的团伙。这样，该盗窃团伙就从那些消费者的名单中精心挑选出信用好的人，然后以他们的名义申请各种账户。受害人付出的代价：3百万美元，而此数仍在继续攀升。
甚至更令人震惊的是, 迄今为止最大的个人信息窃盗案的告破仅仅是冰山之一角。每年有70多万美国人的银行存款被疯狂盗取。这是最大的成长性犯罪市场之一。一个名字、一个地址和一个社会保险号——这些东西在网上很容易找到——是想申请假信贷限额的任何人所需的全部东西。信贷公司每年赚1.3万亿，其中2%的收入被骗子诈取，因此，几乎没有任何金钱的刺激来促使他们把申请过程做得更安全一些。按现在情况看，保护自己的信用安全完全是你自己的事。
好消息是，有许多可采取的步骤供你选择。多数信用卡窃贼是投机取巧者, 而非组织严密的团伙。他们当中的许多人常去翻垃圾桶，去寻找数百万件事先批准、且已过时的信用卡邮件，而其它人则去偷钱包。到手后他们只留下社会保险号，把钱包返还给失主。粉碎垃圾邮件、把社会保险卡留在家里可减少你许多事后后悔莫及的痛苦。
但保护你的信用卡不被盗取的最有效的方法是检查你的信用报告，每年一至两次。有三个主要的信用报告查询网址：Equifax ()，Trans-Union ()和 Experian ()。你可在这些网址上在线订购信用报告, 这比通过他们提供的800条专线进行令人痛苦的语音邮件炼狱式查询好得多。在这三个网站中，我发现TransUnion的网站收费最低，且内容包罗万象——以一种便于阅读的方式为消费者列出了各项价格、权利和提示。
如果你有幸住在科罗拉多州、佐治亚州、马里兰州、麻萨诸塞州、新泽西州或佛蒙特州，那么，依照法律，你就有权每年享受一次免费报告，否则，这样的报告每次就要花去你8 到14 美元。要尽量避免使用要价70美元的全年信用报告监控服务;这笔费用比窃贼之间目前实行的价码还要高10美元。如果你认为你是信用卡被盗案的受害人，你就可要求将欺诈警报在这三家信用报告公司存档待查。你也可从网站上下载一种窃盗报告表格。这张表格与地方警察局的报告一起，在怒气冲冲的债权人来找碴儿时，能派得上用场。别指望有什么公正。那位胆大妄为的help-desk服务系统工作人员就是不到个人信用信息窃贼2%的很少几个伸手被捉的盗贼之一。
