一支烟足以引发心脏病

Think the odd cigarette won't hurt? Just smoking one is enough to block your arteries and trigger a heart attack, America's chief medical adviser has warned.
　　觉得偶尔吸支烟不会有伤害？只要一支就足以堵塞你的动脉，引发心脏病，这是美国首席医疗顾问发出的警告。

Tobacco smoke causes 'immediate damage', with each puff circulating hundreds of toxic chemicals to most of your organs.

烟草产生的烟雾会导致“即刻的损伤”，因为每一次呼气都会将上百个有毒的化学成分散布到你的器官。

The 700-page Surgeon General's report found there was no safe level of exposure to cigarette smoke - whether you deliberately inhale or breathe it in second hand.

在首席外科医生700页的报告中显示，不管你是否谨慎小心地吸入或呼出二手烟，只要你周围有烟草的烟雾，你就不可能不受伤害。

'That one puff on that cigarette could be the one that causes your heart attack,' said Surgeon General Regina Benjamin.

“吸一口烟就有可能是你心脏病发的诱因”，首席外科医生Regina Benjamin说。

This is because smoke immediately seeps into the bloodstream and changes its chemistry so that it becomes more sticky, allowing clots to form that can squeeze shut already narrowed arteries.

这是因为烟立刻就能深入血液，改变其化学成分变得更加浓稠，形成血块堵住已经很窄的动脉。

This is in addition to the more subtle long-term damage to blood vessels themselves, making them more narrow. And no one knows how little it takes to trigger that clotting.

除了血管长期的细微损坏以外，这是另一种令它们更加狭窄的原因。而且没人知道多小的原因就能导致血液结块。

Dr Terry Pechacek of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said this meant smoking a cigarette at a party could be enough to trigger a heart attack in someone whose arteries are silently clogged.

美国疾病控制与预防中心的Terry Pechacek博士说，这意味着在派对上吸入一支烟就足以引发一个动脉悄然结块的人心脏病发。

'Too often people think the occasional social cigarette is not so dangerous, when in fact this report says yes, it is,' he said.

“人们常常认为偶尔在社交场合吸烟并不太危险，但实际上这份报告给出了否定的答案，它的确很危险。”他说。

The report also found even brief exposure to second-hand smoke 'could trigger acute cardiac events such as heart attack.'

这份报告也指出，即使短暂吸入二手烟也可能引发严重的心脏疾病，诸如急性心脏病发。It noted that when Pueblo, Colorado, banned smoking in all public places in 2003, the number of people hospitalized for heart disease plummeted 41 per cent in just three years.

自从在科罗拉多州的普韦布洛市禁止在公共场所吸烟后，短短的3年间，因为心脏病就医的人数就骤然下降了41%。

'I advise people to try to avoid being around smoking any way that you can,' Dr Benjamin said.

“我建议人们尽可能避免任何形式的吸烟”，Benjamin大夫说。

The report also includes the latest genetic findings to help explain why some people become more addicted and develop associated diseases quicker than others.

这份报告还包括了最新的基因研究结果，解释了为什么一些人上瘾和比其他人更快患上一些相关的疾病。

It outlines the design and contents of current tobacco products, which make them more attractive and addictive than ever before.

这是因为目前烟草产品的设计和成分比以前更诱人，更容易产生依赖。

'Today’s cigarettes deliver nicotine more quickly and efficiently than cigarettes of many years ago,' the report said.

报告显示，“相较之前，现在的烟释放尼古丁更快速，也更有效”。

Nicotine expert Dr K Michael Cummings of the Roswell Park Cancer Institute, who reviewed the report, said: 'How many reports more does Congress need to have to say that cigarettes as a class of products ought to be banned?

Roswell Park癌症研究所的K Michael Cummings博士，同时他也是研究尼古丁的专家，说：“多少次国会不得不讨论烟草作为一种产品是应该被禁止的？”

'One-third of the patients who are in our hospital are here today because of cigarettes.'

“今天在我们医院1/3的病人是因为吸烟。”

Smoking kills around 106,000 people each year - which is the equivalent of one in five deaths in the UK.

每年有10万6千人因为吸烟死亡，在英国这相当于五个死亡的人中就有一个是因为吸烟。

It causes many other harmful effects throughout the body, making it harder for diabetics to control their blood sugar or for women to conceive a baby.

这也导致了整个身体许多其他的不良影响，糖尿病人会更难控制血糖，或是女人更难怀孕。

Pregnant smokers are more likely to have a miscarriage or premature baby, while after birth children are more likely to die from sudden infant death syndrome.

怀孕的吸烟者更可能流产或是令孩子早产，而在出生后，孩子更可能死于婴儿猝死综合症。

It costs the NHS ?5billion a year to treat smoking related diseases such as lung cancer and heart disease.

英国国家医疗服务系统（NHS）也因此每年要花费50亿欧元治疗与吸烟有关的疾病，比如肺癌和心脏病。

On a positive note stopping smoking at any point in life will boost your health.

乐观的方面是在生命中任何时候停止吸烟都将改善你的健康。

Dr Benjamin said: 'It's never too late to quit but the sooner you quit the better. Even if you're 70, 80 years old and you're a smoker, there's still benefit from quitting.'

Benjamin大夫说：“戒烟永远都不晚，而且越早戒烟越好。就算你是七、八十岁的吸烟者，戒烟仍然是有益的。”