研究:女性服用钙补充剂增加患心脏病风险

More evidence is emerging that women who take calcium supplements to prevent bone deterioration may, in fact, be risking their heart health.
越来越多证据显示，女性服用钙补充剂预防骨质恶化，实际上危害到心脏的健康。

But even when added to previous studies with similar findings, the new conclusions don't necessarily mark a death knell for calcium supplements, say the authors of a study released online April 19 in the BMJ.
但即使加上先前研究的相似结果，新的结论也不能标志钙补充剂的终止信号，4月19日网上发表在《英国医学杂志》一个研究的作者说。

"There is a lack of consensus at the present time as to what recommendations should be regarding the use of calcium supplements," said study senior author Dr. Ian Reid, who fully expected that the new results will have a "significant impact on recommendations."
“关于服用钙补充品的建议，如今也没有达成共识。”这项研究的资深作者lan Reid博士称，他非常希望这些新的结果能“对钙补充剂的建议有重要作用”。

"Our own recommendation is to critically review the use of calcium supplements, since the data in this paper suggests that they do more harm than good," added Reid, who is professor of medicine and endocrinology at the University of Auckland in New Zealand.
“我们的建议是批判性地检测钙补充剂，因为报道数据显示出它们利大于弊。”Reid还说，他是新西兰奥克兰大学医学和内分泌学的教授。

"The cautious way forward seems to be to encourage people to obtain their calcium from the diet, rather than from supplements, since food calcium has not been shown to carry this increased risk of heart disease," Reid added.
“早期一个谨慎的方法是鼓励人们从饮食中获取钙，而不是从补充剂中获取，因为从食物中获取的钙不会增加患心脏病的风险。”Reid称。

A recent meta-analysis done by the same group of researchers found a 27 to 31 percent increased risk of heart attacks in women taking calcium without vitamin D.
最近同一组研究人员进行的一个元分析表明，女性服用不含维生素D的钙片患上心脏病的机率增加到27%——30%。

Many older women take calcium supplements with or without vitamin D to keep their bones strong, especially since that has long been standard medical advice.
许多老年女性服用含维生素D或不含维生素D的钙补充剂来保持骨骼强壮，尤其当它被认为是标准的医学建议开始。

But, as the current authors point out, more than half of the women in that study were already taking their own calcium supplements on top of what they had been prescribed for the trial, which may have clouded the results.
但是，如今作者指出，研究中超过一半的女性除了开给她们试验的药，她们已经在服用钙补充剂，这掩盖了研究结果。

(恒星英语学习网原创编译,转载请注明出处!)For this analysis, the authors looked only at the 16,718 women in the WHI who had not been taking personal calcium supplements before entering the trial.
为了进行分析，作者们只对妇女健康研究（WHI）中16718名试验前自己没有服用钙补充剂的女性进行观察。

In this case, women who were randomized to take calcium and vitamin D as part of the study protocol had a modest 13 to 22 percent increased risk of cardiovascular problems, particularly heart attacks. Women in the control arm had no change in risk.
在这个研究中，将女性随机服用钙和维生素D作为研究方案，她们患上心血管疾病尤其是心脏病的风险增加了约13%-20%。有节制服用的女性面临的风险没有增加。

The case against calcium became stronger when researchers added in data from 13 other, unpublished trials involving almost 30,000 women. Now the increased risk for heart attack was 25 to 30 percent and, for a stroke, 15 to 20 percent.
研究人员增加其他13个由3万女性参与的没有发表的试验数据后，人们反对钙补充剂更加强烈。如今，患上心脏病的风险增加到25%-30%，中风增加到15%-20%。

While the authors speculate that an increased risk could be biologically plausible given that calcium is connected with hardening of the arteries, another expert thinks not.
然而作者们觉得增加的风险在生物学上似乎是可信的，他们指出钙跟动脉硬化有关系，另一名专家却不这样认为。

While calcium does tend to be a marker of inflammation, explained Dr. Philip Houck, assistant professor of internal medicine at Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, "lesions with calcium are actually more stable so there's less of a chance of having a heart attack than in vessels that are less calcified."
尽管钙可能是炎症的标记，德州农工大学医药学院健康科学中心的副教授Philip Houck博士解释说：“病变的钙实际上更稳定，所以患上心脏病机率比血管较少钙化少一点。”

(恒星英语学习网原创编译,转载请注明出处!)Moreover, the results may have been statistically significant but that doesn't mean they're clinically significant, he added. "If women have good reason to take calcium because their bones are thin, then they should not be afraid of taking the calcium," said Houck, who is also a cardiologist with Scott & White in Temple, Texas.
此外，这些结果可能有统计意义，但并不意味着有临床意义，他还说：“如果女性因为骨质稀疏这种好的理由而服用钙片，那么她们就不应该害怕服用。”Houck说，他跟Scott和White一起是德州坦普尔的心脏病专家。

Dr. Susan V. Bukata, associate professor of orthopaedic surgery at the University of Rochester Medical Center, said that the study really doesn't provide enough information to make a definitive conclusion.
罗切斯特大学医学中心整形外科副教授Susan ta教授说，此次研究的确没有提供足够信息来做出最后结论。

Nevertheless, accumulating evidence has her urging patients to get their calcium from their diet, rather than reflexively telling them to take 1,200 milligrams of calcium a day. "With diet plus a supplement combined, women should be getting 1,000- to 1,500-milligrams a day," she said.
然而，越来越多的证据要求她的病人从饮食中获取钙质，而不是条件反射性地告诉她们每天服用1200毫克的钙。“饮食和补充剂相结合的话，女性每天应保持获取1000-1500毫克的钙。”她说。

And in an accompanying journal editorial, medical professors Dr. Bo Abrahamsen and Dr. Opinder Sahota wrote that due to study limitations, "it is not possible to provide reassurance that calcium supplements given with vitamin D do not cause adverse cardiovascular events or to link them with certainty to increased cardiovascular risk. Clearly further studies are needed and the debate remains ongoing."
在杂志的相关评论上，医学教授Bo Abrahamsen博士和Opinder Sahota博士写道，由于研究的局限性，“不能保证含有维生素D的钙补充剂不会造成不良的心血管疾病，或理所当然地把它跟增加患上心血管风险联系起来。明显地，需要进一步的研究而且争论还在继续。”

(恒星英语学习网原创编译,转载请注明出处!)