历史今天:印度民族起义(5.10)

【英文原文】

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 began as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon erupted into other mutinies and civilian rebellions largely in the upper Gangetic plain and central India, with the major hostilities confined to present-day Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, northern Madhya Pradesh, and the Delhi region. The rebellion posed a considerable threat to Company power in that region, and it was contained only with the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858. The rebellion is also known as India's First War of Independence, the Great Rebellion, the Indian Mutiny, the Revolt of 1857, the Uprising of 1857, the Sepoy Rebellion and the Sepoy Mutiny.

【中文译文】

印度民族起义(Indian Rebellion of 1857)亦称印度反英大起义，英国人则称为印军哗变（The Indian Mutiny），亦称印度叛变、土兵叛变（Sepoy Mutiny），而独立后的印度则称它为印度第一次独立战争。一般指1857年到1858年发生在印度北部和中部，英属东印度公司服役的印度土兵发动的反对英国统治的普遍的民族大起义。这次起义以失败告终，但却终结了东印度公司管理印度的体制，从此印度置于英国的直接统治之下。