关注大学生假期实习:实习生自杀事件的背后

导读：不久前，奇美电子公司一名18岁暑期实习生坠楼身亡，大学生暑期实习再度成为社会关注的焦点。学校安排暑期实习项目(summer intern program)本是好意，让学生赚钱同时还可以获得宝贵的工作经验。但是，暑期实习大量机遇的背后又隐藏着哪些风险呢？学生们要如何避免这些风险，圆满完成实习计划呢？让我们一起来看看吧！

CHINESE colleges have begun organizing summer-vacation internship programs that provide paying jobs for undergraduates. While such programs can equip students with valuable work experience, they also come with potential risks.

中国各大高校的暑期实习项目已经开始为大学生提供带薪实习机会。但这些项目在为大学生提供宝贵工作经验的同时，也伴随着一系列潜在风险。

Last week, a student intern reportedly committed suicide at Chimei Innolux Company in Foshan, a branch company of Hon Hai Precision Industry, which also owns Foxconn. The 18-year-old, surnamed Liu, was a student at Shijiazhuang Oriental Technology Polytechnic School. He had been working under a school-company program as a summer-vacation intern for only two days.

上周媒体报道，鸿海精密工业股份有限公司的一家分公司--佛山市奇美电子公司的一名实习生自杀身亡。富士康也同属鸿海公司旗下。据了解，这名自杀身亡男子姓刘，今年18岁，是石家庄东方职业高等技术学校学生。通过校企联合实习项目开始暑期实习，仅仅工作了两天。

"We usually consider it a good thing for schools to organize part-time work for students during summer vacation," said Zheng Xiao, a human resources consultant at ChinaHR. "Through these programs, employers can save costs, schools can gain a reputation for being able to guarantee internship opportunities for students, and students get pay and experience."

“我们通常认为学校为学生组织暑期兼职是件好事，”中华英才网的人力资源顾问郑啸说。“有了这些项目，公司可以节约成本，学校也会因为保证学生有实习机会而远近闻名，学生们挣钱的同时还能获得工作经验。”

Diao Lan, 19, a freshman tourism major at Liuzhou Rongshui Polytechnic, says he's pleased with his school's summer work program.

柳州融水职业技术学校旅游专业大一新生刁蓝（音译），19岁，对学校的暑期实习项目感到很满意。

"The school help us bargain with the company and win us benefits, like free meals and dorms," said Diao, a summer intern at an electronics company in Dongguan. "The school hires buses to send us directly to the company, and I have a strong sense of security since I am with classmates and teachers."

“学校帮我们和公司‘谈判’，为我们争取利益，例如免费就餐和住宿，”刁蓝说。刁蓝在东莞一家电子公司实习。“此外，学校还租巴士送我们到公司。由于是和老师和同学们一起，我很有安全感。”

　　Out of schools' hands

　　超出学校掌控范围

But every school-company program is different, and some of them are not that reliable. Zheng warns that some schools are not able to control how much their students are paid and worked, and how secure they feel at the company facilities.

但是，每个校外实习项目都不尽相同，并非每个项目都这么可靠。郑啸提醒说，一些学校没法控制学生的待遇、工作量以及他们在公司是否感到安全。

For example, to meet order deadlines, many companies require staff to work overtime. Du Yue, a 20-year-old accounting major at Shantou Polytechnic, part-timed at a toy company in Chenghai, Guangdong with other 94 students last summer.

举例来说，为了在订单截止日期前完工，很多公司会要求员工加班。20岁的杜越（音译），是汕头职业技术学院会计专业的一名学生，他去年暑期在广东省澄海一家玩具公司兼职，一起兼职的还有94名学生。

"We signed a very simple agreement with the school, promising that we would be on good behavior during the internship," said Du. "The school then arranged work for everyone on the production line - it didn't matter what our major was."

“我们和学校签了一个特别简单的协议，承诺在实习期间会表现良好，” 杜越说。“后来，学校就把我们每个人都分配在生产线上工作--这和我们的专业完全没关系。”

He was paid 2,000 yuan for his one-and-a-half months of work, but it left him feeling exhausted. "It was common to stay on the production line for 10 hours a day. The order had a deadline so tight that we took only one day off every two weeks," Du recalled. "And the company did not provide earplugs for the interns, so we had to bear the noise from the machines."

兼职1个半月，累死累活却只拿到了2000元钱。“每天在生产线上工作10小时都成了家常便饭。订单的截止日期很紧，所以我们每2周才休息1天。 ”杜越回忆道。“更糟的是，公司根本不为实习生配备耳塞，我们不得不忍受机器的轰鸣声。”

Du and his classmates complained to their teachers, but the situation didn't change. The contract between the school and the employer was ambiguous, so students couldn't find a way to protect their rights.

杜越和同学们向老师抱怨，但情况却没有发生任何转变。学校和公司签署的合同很模棱两可，因此学生们没有办法保护自己的权利。

　　Strict terms

　　苛刻的条款

Employers, meanwhile, have their own concerns. "Student internship programs usually last less than two months. We don't want to invest money in training them or providing insurance," said Zhou Weihua, director of the general manager's office at Dongguan Yintong Glass Company.

另一方面，招聘单位同样面临着困扰。“学生实习项目通常不会超过2个月。我们不花钱培训他们，也不提供保险。”东莞市银通玻璃有限公司总经理办公室主任周蔚华（音译）说。

Many schools accept such strict terms because they don't want to lose the opportunity to place hundreds of students in internships.

因为不想失去让数百名学生实习的机会，许多学校都接受了此类苛刻的条款。

There are also examples of shady dealings between schools and companies.

此外，学校和公司之间的可疑交易也时有发生。

"Last week, we found that an electronics company had given all the student wages to the teacher directly, and then the teacher paid the students," said Xie Guoping, director of the Xiegang township labor bureau in Dongguan. "Students didn't see the detailed payroll."

“上周，我们发现一家电子公司直接将学生薪酬交给老师，由老师来转交给学生，”东莞谢岗镇劳动局主任谢国萍（音译）说。“学生们没见过详细工资单。”

According to rules laid down by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, schools should get a permit from local education authorities before organizing part-time work for students. "Most schools involved in such partnerships don't have the permit," said Xie. "In such cases, we have to send all the students back home."

根据劳动与社会保障部颁发的规定，学校在开展学生兼职项目前应得到当地教育部门的许可。“许多与企业进行合作的学校大多没有得到该许可，”谢国萍说。“这种情况下，我们不得不将所有学生送回家。”