研究发现 基因测试可以让许多乳腺癌患者避免化疗大纲

The majority of women with a common form of breast cancer may be able to skip chemotherapy after surgery, based on their score on a genetic test, researchers said.

研究人员表示，基于在基因检测中的得分，大多数患常见形式的乳腺癌的女性，可能可以在手术后跳过化疗。

As many as 65,000 women in the United States alone could be impacted by the study, released at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting in Chicago.

美国临床肿瘤学会在芝加哥举行的年度会议上公布，仅美国就有65000名妇女会受到这项研究的影响。

"With results of this ground-breaking study, we now can safely avoid chemotherapy in about 70 percent of patients who are diagnosed with the most common form of breast cancer," said co-author Kathy Albain, an oncologist at Loyola Medicine.

研究的合著者、洛约拉大学医学院的肿瘤学家凯西·阿尔班表示：“通过这项开创性的研究的结果，约70%的患有最常见乳腺癌类型的病人，可以安全地避免痛苦的化疗过程。”

"For countless women and their doctors, the days of uncertainty are over."

“对于无数女性和她们的医生而言，不明确的日子已经一去不复返了。”

A 21-gene test called Oncotype Dx that has been around since 2004 has helped guide some decisions, post-surgery. A high recurrence score, above 25, means chemo is advised to ward off a recurrence while a low score, below 10, means it is not.

一项名为Oncotype Dx的21基因检测自2004年以来一直在帮助指导手术后的一些决定。高于25的高复发评分意味着建议化疗避免复发，而低于10分的低分则意味着不复发。

The current study involved more than 10,000 women and focused on those whose scores were in the middle range, from 11 to 25.

目前的研究涉及超过10000名女性，并关注那些分数在11-25分的中间范围内的女性。

The results show that all women over 50 with a recurrence score of 0 to 25 can be spared chemotherapy and its toxic side effects.

结果显示，50岁以上的复发评分为0至25分的所有女性都可以免除化疗及其毒副作用。

For women under 50 with a score of 0 to 15, chemo could be skipped.

对于50岁以下的0到15分的女性，可以跳过化疗。

However, among younger women with scores 16 to 25, outcomes were slightly better in the chemotherapy group, so in those cases doctors may urge patients to consider a chemo regimen.

然而，在16至25分的年轻女性中，化疗组的结果略好，因此在这些情况下，医生可能会敦促患者考虑化疗方案。

"The results should have a huge impact on doctors and patients. We are de-escalating toxic therapy." Albain said.

阿尔班表示：“结果应该对医生和患者产生巨大的影响。我们正在逐步减少毒性治疗。”