词汇精选:draft的用法和辨析
一、详细释义:
n.
草稿,草图 [C]
例句:
We'll prepare a draft according to our standard contract.
我们会根据我们的标准合同,准备一份草案。
例句:
He had painfully written out a first draft.
他辛苦写出了首稿。
汇票,汇款单 [C]
例句:
Payment will be made by paying your sight draft under our irrevocable letter of credit.
我们的付款方式,是以不可撤消信用状汇票支付。
例句:
He went to the bank to cash a draft.
他去银行兑现一张汇票。
【美】征兵,征集 [U]
例句:
They were unwilling to register for the draft.
他们不愿意登记入伍。
【美】被征入伍者 [U]
例句:
I was a draft.
我是个被征入伍者。
【美】通风;气流;通风装置 [U,C]
例句:
Turn the electric fan on and make a draft.
打开电扇通一下风。
一饮;(药水等一次的)服用量 [C]
例句:
He drank the glass of wine at one draft.
他一口喝干了那杯酒。
【美】(职业运动的)选拔制度 [U]
(车等的)拉曳,牵引 [U]
例句:
The draft of the car is common in the snowy day.
雪天拖拽车子是很正常的事情。
【美】(船的)吃水(深度) [C]
例句:
Its wharf can accommodate vessels of two meters draft.
码头可停泊吃水2米的船舶。
例句:
The boat has a shallow draft.
这条船吃水浅。
v.
起草;设计 [T]
例句:
I had to draft a cable home.
我得写一份发往家里的电报稿。
例句:
He set to work to draft his statement to the magistrate.
他着手给大法官起草证词。
选派 [T]
例句:
The plan to draft the mayor as a candidate for governor died on the vine.
选派市长为总督候选人的计划未能实现。
【美】征(兵);征集 [T]
例句:
Jack was drafted into the Army last year.
杰克去年被应征入伍。
例句:
Her brother was drafted into military service.
她哥哥应征入伍。
二、词义辨析:
draft,outline,diagram,plot,sketch,blueprint
这些词既可作动词也可作名词用,作动词时均有“绘制”之意;作名词时都含“草图”之意。draft用作动词时指按准确比例设计或打样;作名词时专指精确的草图或草案。outline主要给出事物要点或轮廓,强调简化了的整体。diagram侧重指用图形、图表等来说明。plot可与draft和diagram换用,但侧重于表示具体的点、面、部分或目标,从而使相互关系以及和整体的关系得以明确。sketch指用图、模型或语言描述来表示某一事物的整体情况。blueprint主要指绘制蓝图或制定纲领或规划。这个词引申用来指详细而具体的行动计划。
三、相关短语:
bank draft
n. 银行汇票
draft board
n. 征兵局
draft dodger
n. 逃兵役者
sight draft
n.[经]即期汇票,见票即付票据
time draft
n.<美>定期汇票
draft animal
役畜
draft copy
草案拷贝,草稿复制
draft horse
n.曳马,驮马
draft beer
n. 生啤酒
banker's draft
【经】 银行汇票
四、参考例句:
It is my speech draft.
这是我的讲话稿。
Please draft a contract first.
请先草拟一份合同。
Who will draft the indictment?
谁将起草起诉状?
I had to draft a cable home.
我得写一份发往家里的电报稿。
This is a draft payable at sight.
这是一张见票即付的汇票。
He drew a draft of the car.
他画了一张汽车的草图。
You just go ahead and work out a draft plan.
你先着手草拟一个计划。
We would rather withdraw the draft resolution than amend it.
与其修改草案,不如予以撤回。
We'll prepare a draft according to our standard contract.
我们会根据我们的标准合同,准备一份草案。
The Congress examined and approved the draft budget.
国会审查并通过了该项预算草案。